Anatomy and Physiology II

Week 3- Biology other assignments
1st assignement: Please response to the following 2 posts. 125 words required for each.
1st post: The Role of Memory Cells in Cellular Immunity.
Research: Memory cells come from T-cell dependent reactions in the germinal center; they make up the critical cell type for an immune response to re-challenge an antigen. According to Lin, Chen, and Chen (2015), memory T cells are essential since they protect the cellular immunity against invading pathogens that have a high chance of occurring under immunosuppression conditions. The study of how memory works and its role has made significant progress in recent years, creating a great understanding of transplantation of memory T cells and how they can enhance the remembrance rate of an individual. There are various techniques and memory tricks that can be used to improve an individual’s memory; the techniques can be classified into two primary approaches; mnemonics and lifestyle changes. Life changes are general concepts that mainly deal with memory issues by altering an individual’s private life and enhancing the adoption of certain activities to improve their memory.
Metivier (2020) defines mnemonics as memory techniques that use devices to help an individual remember things better; this is the most effective method and has been shown to have many positive effects on long term memories. Standard mnemonic devices include; memory palaces, spaced repetition, use chunking to remember, expression mnemonics or acronyms, and many more. Looking at how memory palaces work, the memorization process begins with the visualization of one-self in a familiar place where they easily remember every detail of the place. The technique does not necessarily need visualization of the surrounding environment; it only requires the use of human senses like vision, touch, and smell. The association of each item you want to remember to a specific object in your home that you continuously use, makes it easier to remember new concepts. A good example, if you are learning a new language, you can put posters of words on the fridge, bathroom, or bedroom where you can see them each time you walk in.
Critical thinking: In conclusion, I believe that there is still room for improvement in memory studies; from existing research, it is clear that this is an important topic that can be used to help humans reduce the margin of error in their operations. The concept of memory relates to every functioning factor across the globe and country; people need to keep remembering essential concepts to keep the ideas alive and to help future generations continue with the development of certain aspects.
References
Lin, K., Chen, S., & Chen, G. (2015). Role of memory T cells and perspectives for intervention in organ transplantation. Frontiers in immunology, 6, 473.
Metivier, A. (2020, September). How to remember things: 21 memory techniques? Magnetic Memory Method – How to Memorize with A Memory Palace. https://www.magneticmemorymethod.com/how-to-remember-things/

2nd post: The major types of cells of the lymphatic system and state their functions

When looking into the different types of cells associated with the lymphatic system, which all have different roles in regards to keeping the bodies defenses and immunity up. These cells include; Natural killer cells which are cells that destroy any host cells, bacteria or transplanted tissues that have somehow become infected or cancerous. Basically any cells that could potentially cause the body harm. T lymphocyte cells are usually used to fight off certain pathogens in your body. Sometimes T cells will fight pathogens directly or be a helper to immune cells. B lymphocytes are white blood cells that secrete antibodies. These types of cells also fight bacteria. B cells are also known as the last line of defense when it comes to fighting any kind of infection your body may have. Macrophanges cells can for the most part be found in the lymph nodes, liver and lungs. These cells main priority is the freeing of the blood, airway and lymph of bacteria or any harmful particles. Dendritic cells are found in your lymphatic organs, the epidermis and mucous membranes. These cells alert your immune system to any outside pathogens that may be harmful, and that have breached your bodies surface. (Saladin, 2018)
Lastly, Reticular cells are basically the outside structure and support to most lymphoid organs. These cells also play a part in eliminating foreign invaders and initiating your immune response.
Critical thinking- As you can see all of these cells play a vital role in keeping our bodies healthy and strong. Without the proper action of these lymphatic cells our bodies would eventually become very sick with illnesses ranging from fluid buildup in tissues as well as blockage, different kinds of infections and with the most severe being cancer. Some signs and symptoms of your lymphatic cells not working properly to be aware of is, any swelling where fluid can be retained such as your legs or arms as well as your fingers. Another tell tale sign is any kind of lump that could be found in your neck or armpit. Any of these symptoms need to be checked out immediately.
Reference
Saladin, K. S., Gan, C. A. & Cushman, H. N. (2018). Anatomy & Physiology: The unity of form and function (8th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Education.

2nd assignment:
Topic: The Urinary system: The Kidneys. What can you enjoy knowing about The Kidneys?

Expactations:
You will create 4 short paragraphs about the topic. Please organize them in your own words.(250 words total for all of the 4 paragraphs)
1st: Paragraph: Find a video that relates to this topic. Briefly summarize the video. Locate and give the full page of the URL to the video in APA formatting (cite in text and reference) that pertains to the topic. It is not unlike a main discussion post. Summarize the video in 50 words.Cite in the text. Reference at the end. If the URL is not given and cannot be verified, points will not be earned for this section. Documentation of sources is necessary.50 words total
2nd paragraph:System Check: Relate the topic to another system in the body. Demonstrate and show how this information is connected to other functions in the body. Please illustrate how this system is interrelated to another system in the body. Compare and contrast structure. Provide examples from the text. Cite and reference the text. 75 Words total
3rd paragraph: Apply the importance of the information of this topic at different levels (individual/career, society, world). How is the topic showing up in the news these days? Explain why this video is important. Tell me why this topic may be important to your future career. How can you apply this topic of anatomy to your career or your community? Society? Give a detailed example. Be specific about this; Do not only say it is important but explain why it is important. 100 Words total
4th paragraph: Weekly Self Reflection: What resources do you think helped you most to help you understand? What challenges did you have with the *material (our textbook)? What improvements can you make this week to implement for next week? 50 Words total.

PS: *Material used for this class: Saladin McGraw Hill. Anatomy & Physiology: The Unity of Form and Function text 9th ed. with Connect lab access: ISBN 9781264079988.